annotate src/EDU/oswego/cs/dl/util/concurrent/FIFOReadWriteLock.java @ 27:511648fa4d64 Version 2.1

Version to 2.1
author Dan Creswell <dan.creswell@gmail.com>
date Mon, 04 Jan 2010 13:00:40 +0000
parents 3dc0c5604566
children
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1 /*
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2 File: FIFOReadWriteLock.java
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3
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4 Originally written by Doug Lea and released into the public domain.
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5 This may be used for any purposes whatsoever without acknowledgment.
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6 Thanks for the assistance and support of Sun Microsystems Labs,
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7 and everyone contributing, testing, and using this code.
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8
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9 History:
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10 Date Who What
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11 11Jun1998 dl Create public version
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12 23nov2001 dl Replace main algorithm with fairer
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13 version based on one by Alexander Terekhov
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14 */
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15
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16 package EDU.oswego.cs.dl.util.concurrent;
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17
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18
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19 /**
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20 * This class implements a policy for reader/writer locks in which
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21 * threads contend in a First-in/First-out manner for access (modulo
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22 * the limitations of FIFOSemaphore, which is used for queuing). This
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23 * policy does not particularly favor readers or writers. As a
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24 * byproduct of the FIFO policy, the <tt>attempt</tt> methods may
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25 * return <tt>false</tt> even when the lock might logically be
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26 * available, but, due to contention, cannot be accessed within the
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27 * given time bound. <p>
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28 *
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29 * This lock is <em>NOT</em> reentrant. Current readers and
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30 * writers should not try to re-obtain locks while holding them.
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31 * <p>
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32 *
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33 * [<a href="http://gee.cs.oswego.edu/dl/classes/EDU/oswego/cs/dl/util/concurrent/intro.html"> Introduction to this package. </a>] <p>
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34 *
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35 * @see FIFOSemaphore
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36 **/
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37
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38 public class FIFOReadWriteLock implements ReadWriteLock {
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39
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40 /**
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41 * Fair Semaphore serving as a kind of mutual exclusion lock.
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42 * Writers acquire on entry, and hold until rwlock exit.
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43 * Readers acquire and release only during entry (but are
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44 * blocked from doing so if there is an active writer).
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45 **/
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46 protected final FIFOSemaphore entryLock = new FIFOSemaphore(1);
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47
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48 /**
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49 * Number of threads that have entered read lock. Note that this is
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50 * never reset to zero. Incremented only during acquisition of read
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51 * lock while the "entryLock" is held, but read elsewhere, so is
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52 * declared volatile.
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53 **/
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54 protected volatile int readers;
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55
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56 /**
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57 * Number of threads that have exited read lock. Note that this is
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58 * never reset to zero. Accessed only in code protected by
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59 * synchronized(this). When exreaders != readers, the rwlock is
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60 * being used for reading. Else if the entry lock is held, it is
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61 * being used for writing (or in transition). Else it is free.
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62 * Note: To distinguish these states, we assume that fewer than 2^32
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63 * reader threads can simultaneously execute.
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64 **/
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65 protected int exreaders;
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66
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67 protected void acquireRead() throws InterruptedException {
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68 entryLock.acquire();
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69 ++readers;
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70 entryLock.release();
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71 }
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72
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73 protected synchronized void releaseRead() {
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74 /*
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75 If this is the last reader, notify a possibly waiting writer.
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76 Because waits occur only when entry lock is held, at most one
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77 writer can be waiting for this notification. Because increments
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78 to "readers" aren't protected by "this" lock, the notification
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79 may be spurious (when an incoming reader in in the process of
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80 updating the field), but at the point tested in acquiring write
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81 lock, both locks will be held, thus avoiding false alarms. And
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82 we will never miss an opportunity to send a notification when it
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83 is actually needed.
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84 */
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85
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86 if (++exreaders == readers)
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87 notify();
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88 }
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89
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90 protected void acquireWrite() throws InterruptedException {
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91 // Acquiring entryLock first forces subsequent entering readers
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92 // (as well as writers) to block.
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93 entryLock.acquire();
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94
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95 // Only read "readers" once now before loop. We know it won't
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96 // change because we hold the entry lock needed to update it.
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97 int r = readers;
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98
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99 try {
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100 synchronized(this) {
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101 while (exreaders != r)
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102 wait();
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103 }
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104 }
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105 catch (InterruptedException ie) {
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106 entryLock.release();
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107 throw ie;
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108 }
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109 }
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110
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111 protected void releaseWrite() {
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112 entryLock.release();
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113 }
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114
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115 protected boolean attemptRead(long msecs) throws InterruptedException {
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116 if (!entryLock.attempt(msecs))
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117 return false;
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118
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119 ++readers;
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120 entryLock.release();
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121 return true;
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122 }
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123
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124 protected boolean attemptWrite(long msecs) throws InterruptedException {
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125 long startTime = (msecs <= 0)? 0 : System.currentTimeMillis();
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126
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127 if (!entryLock.attempt(msecs))
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128 return false;
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129
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130 int r = readers;
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131
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132 try {
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133 synchronized(this) {
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134 while (exreaders != r) {
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135 long timeLeft = (msecs <= 0)? 0:
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136 msecs - (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime);
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137
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138 if (timeLeft <= 0) {
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139 entryLock.release();
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140 return false;
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141 }
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142
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143 wait(timeLeft);
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144 }
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145 return true;
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146 }
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147 }
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148 catch (InterruptedException ie) {
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149 entryLock.release();
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150 throw ie;
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151 }
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152 }
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153
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154 // support for ReadWriteLock interface
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155
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156 protected class ReaderSync implements Sync {
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157 public void acquire() throws InterruptedException {
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158 acquireRead();
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159 }
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160 public void release() {
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161 releaseRead();
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162 }
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163 public boolean attempt(long msecs) throws InterruptedException {
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164 return attemptRead(msecs);
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165 }
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166 }
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167
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168 protected class WriterSync implements Sync {
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169 public void acquire() throws InterruptedException {
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170 acquireWrite();
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171 }
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172 public void release() {
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173 releaseWrite();
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174 }
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175 public boolean attempt(long msecs) throws InterruptedException {
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176 return attemptWrite(msecs);
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177 }
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178 }
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179
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180 protected final Sync readerSync = new ReaderSync();
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181 protected final Sync writerSync = new WriterSync();
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182
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183 public Sync writeLock() { return writerSync; }
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184 public Sync readLock() { return readerSync; }
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185
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186 }